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Hawarden ((ウェールズ語:Penarlâg)), Flintshire, Wales is a village, community and electoral ward in part of the Deeside conurbation on the Welsh/English border and was historically significant settlement in the area, see Hawarden Castle. At the 2001 Census, the population of ''Hawarden Ward'' was 1,858 (892 males, 966 females).〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=2001 Census: ''Hawarden Ward'' )〕 increasing to 1887 at the 2011 census. The total population for the greater community of Hawarden, which comprises also Ewloe (which also has a castle), Mancot and Aston, was 13,539, increasing to 13,920 at the 2011 census.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Community population 2011 )〕 The scenic, wooded Hawarden Park forms the southern part of the community. Hawarden Bridge is the industrial development that lies across Shotton/Queensferry and the Dee.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=2001 Census: ''Hawarden Community'' )〕 The west of the main street is called ''The Highway'', its start marked by the crossroads with the fountain in the middle, near which are public houses, some centred on restaurants. In 2014 Hawarden was named in The Sunday Times’ annual Best Places To Live (List. ) ==History== The 1848 Topographical Dictionary of Wales led by Samuel Lewis (publisher) states Hawarden is of remote antiquity and was called "Pennard Halawg," or more properly "Pen-y-Llwch", the headland above the lake. The hill forts such as the huge remains next to the medieval Hawarden Castle and Trueman's Hill motte were it records locally believed to date to the time of fortifications against incursions of the Cornavii tribe and the Romans.〔 The Normans recorded the Saxons called the place Haordine where, east of today's village, was the principal manor of the Saxon Hundred of Atiscros.〔 William the Conqueror granted the lands and manor to Hugh Lupus as it formed part of the County Palatine of Chester whereupon Hawarden Castle was built that later proved key to Welsh history, at that time lived in by Roger Fitzvalerine, then the Montaults, or de Montaltos, barons of Mold, who held it as seneschal.〔 Efforts to subdue north Welsh territory into a degree of fiefdom followed intermittently, with no great success. In the castle Llewellyn of Wales who was in possession negotiated peace with Simon de Montford in 1264 who led a brief rebellion against Henry III of England and agreed to betroth to Llewllyn his daughter in exchange for restoring the ''de facto'' Welsh castle to Robert de Montault. The rebellion failed. Accordingly, by 1280 the castle became a crown asset, listed as a ''Castrum Regis''. Later, due to Edward's successful campaign (imposing exacting terms on the Welsh, building Flint Castle and strengthening others) in 1282 Llewellyn's brother Davydd slew the garrison to wrench the castle back and took Roger de Clifford to remote Snowdon. This second recapture of the castle triggered Edward's slaying of Llewellyn and annexation of Wales. The castle was a prized possession onward, see Hawarden Castle. The village of Saltney (focussed next to Chester, but in Wales) was part of the parish. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Hawarden」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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